چکیده مقاله
Cyber operations between states have become one of the most urgent challenges for international law in the digital era Unlike traditional armed conflicts, cyber attacks cut across territorial boundaries, exploit dual use technologies, and blur the line between espionage, sabotage, and outright warfare The lack of a unified legal definition of cyber attacks—combined with attribution problems and evidentiary hurdles—undermines the consistent application of international criminal law Although the Rome Statute does not explicitly mention cybercrimes, certain operations, such as deliberate attacks on civilian infrastructure, could still qualify as war crimes or crimes against humanity This raises fundamental questions about how individual criminal responsibility and state accountability interact, and how principles like sovereignty, proportionality, and necessity should apply in cyberspace Case studies, especially the Russia–Ukraine conflict, show how cyber operations are increasingly woven into kinetic warfare, amplifying their humanitarian consequences Scholars stress the urgent need for cyber specific norms within international criminal law, alongside stronger international cooperation through instruments like the Budapest Convention Ultimately, the way forward may lie in a hybrid legal framework that combines international criminal law, humanitarian law, and cyber specific treaties Such an approach would not only close normative gaps but also ensure accountability, providing a more effective system for governing state sponsored cyber operations in the years ahead
کلیدواژهها
نویسندگان
Sanli Hasan Pour
Master's student in International Law Faculty of Humanities Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch
Hassan Khani
PH D in International Law Instructor Payam Noor University
شیوه ارجاع
Pour, Sanli Hasan and Khani, Hassan,1404,Criminal and International Challenges in State-Sponsored Cyber Attacks and the Role of International Criminal Law in Their Regulation,22 thInternational Conference on Legal and Judicial Studies
ارائهشده در
مجموعه مقالات بیست و دومین کنفرانس بین المللی مطالعات حقوقی و قضایی30 آبان 1404