چکیده مقاله
Inflation is the decrease in the purchasing power of a certain currency over time An increase in the general level of prices, which is generally expressed as a percentage, means that a certain amount of goods can be bought with a certain currency The common meaning of inflation refers to an increase in the level of prices, but it is not bad to mention that there is also the possibility of negative inflation in the economy It can also be said that inflation does not exist and is not defined in the clearing economy However, the common meaning of inflation refers to an increase in the level of prices and relatively large negative consequences for the economy, when the wage of the labor force does not match the inflation rate of retail prices, the purchasing power of the wages and consequently the purchasing power of the labor force decreases This is a significant challenge for low income families because for them any price increase can have consequences In addition, in the continuation of the increase in the price of goods, the labor force's demand for an increase in wages leads to an increase in the cost of labor, which leads to a decrease in the profit earned by economic enterprises and businesses All these effects caused by inflation can create uncertainty in the economy, which leads to a decrease in investment by entrepreneurs High inflation can lead to a permanent increase in interest rates These interest rates can limit the central bank's ability to boost the economy in tough times, leading to long and deep recessions The growth of the monetary base ultimately leads to the growth of liquidity and thus inflation This increase in liquidity can be through overdrafting by banks from the central bank, reducing the legal reserve rate, buying bonds, government participation by the central bank, government borrowing from the central bank, etc Shakri, 1387 Any issue that causes a significant decrease in the supply or a significant increase in the demand for foreign currency in the foreign exchange market can lead to an increase in the exchange rate If the exchange rate increases a lot, this can have a serious effect; inflation follows McCarthy, 2007 Economists divide the causes of inflation into the following 3 categories: inflation caused by demand pressure, inflation caused by cost pressure, structural inflation Inflation caused by demand pressure occurs with an increase in money supply and acts as a stimulus to increase the demand for goods and services in the economy Cost push inflation occurs when the general level of prices increases due to an increase in the cost of wages and raw materials Structural inflation is caused by adaptive expectations It means that people expect the current inflation rate to continue in the future Based on chart number 1, which shows the inflation trend between 2013 and 2021, we can conclude that in Iran, all 3 factors continue in a repetitive loop
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شیوه ارجاع
Shakri and , Ghobadi and , Kamijani and , Naqvi and , Shahnooshi and , Mehrara,1404,Inflation and Economic Growth: Analysis and Factors,1St International conference on new horizons in management,business, economics and humanities
ارائهشده در
مجموعه مقالات اولین کنفرانس بین المللی افق های نوین در مدیریت، تجارت، اقتصاد و علوم انسانی10 آذر 1404