چکیده مقاله
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States and worldwide The two main forms of lung cancer are non small cell lung cancer about 85% of all lung cancers and small cell lung cancer about 15% Despite advances in early detection and standard treatment, non small cell lung cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis Major unmet needs exist in the treatment and prevention of lung cancer that could likely be improved by a better understanding of the molecular origins and evolution of the disease Environmental factors such as tobacco smoke and genetic susceptibility interact to influence carcinogenesis Non smoking related factors —including genetic, hormonal, and viral factors such as human papillomavirus —have been suggested Genetic and epigenetic alterations such as mutations, loss of heterozygosity, and promoter methylation and global transcriptional alterations e g , inflammatory and apoptosis pathways are implicated in the initiation and development of lung cancer These long term changes ultimately lead to aberrant pathway activation and cellular function e g , dysregulated proliferation and apoptosis to induce premalignant changes, including dysplasia and clonal patches Additional changes can lead to advanced angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis
کلیدواژهها
نویسندگان
Behdokht Jamali
Master's degree student in genetics, Microbiology Department, Kherad Institute of Higher Education, Bushehr, Iran
Atena Hoseinpouri
Assistant Professor, Microbiology Department, Kherad Institute of Higher Education, Bushehr, Iran
شیوه ارجاع
Jamali, Behdokht and Hoseinpouri, Atena,1404,A review of the effects of chitosan nanoparticles on cancer,19th International Conference on Health, Treatment and Health Promotion
ارائهشده در
مجموعه مقالات نوزدهمین کنفرانس بین المللی بهداشت، درمان و ارتقای سلامت20 فروردین 1404